What is Hysterosalpingography (HSG, Uterine Imaging with Contrast Dye)?
Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is an imaging and diagnostic technique used to examine the structure of the uterus and fallopian tubes to identify potential issues. With the latest C-arm X-ray technology, the procedure is minimally painful. HSG is recommended for patients with infertility or recurrent miscarriages and is sometimes suggested for patients experiencing irregular bleeding.
How is HSG Performed?
The patient lies on an X-ray table in a position similar to that for a Pap smear, with knees bent. After a speculum is placed to visualize the cervix, a thin, soft plastic catheter is gently inserted through the cervix into the uterus. A contrast dye is then slowly injected under slight pressure, and the imaging is captured. Today, non-ionic contrast agents are used to improve patient comfort. This dye helps visualize the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes.
Adhesions within the uterus, masses (such as fibroids or polyps), uterine anomalies, tubal obstructions, narrowings, and swellings are all identifiable. It also allows evaluation of whether the contrast dye flows freely into the peritoneum. If needed, selective salpingography (attempting to open the tubes) can also be performed during the same procedure. Therefore, HSG plays a crucial role in guiding treatment for infertility patients.
HSG is also advised for patients with recurrent miscarriages.
HSG Medicated Uterus Film
How Long Does the HSG Procedure Take?
The procedure takes a maximum of 15 minutes.
Will I Experience Bleeding or Pain After the Procedure?
Light spotting is normal, and mild cramping that lasts 1-2 days may also occur.
Do I Need to Rest After the HSG Procedure?
No, you can resume your normal activities.
Can I Conceive After an HSG Procedure?
The pressurized contrast dye used may sometimes open the tubes, and spontaneous pregnancies have been observed following HSG.
When Should an HSG Procedure Be Done?
Counting the first day of your period as Day 1, HSG is recommended between Days 7-10. During this period, pregnancy can be ruled out, and any fibroids or polyps are more easily visible due to less uterine lining thickness.
Should I Use Antibiotics After the HSG Procedure?
Antibiotics are generally recommended as a preventive measure against infection.
What Does Tube Blockage or Hydrosalpinx (Tube Swelling) Mean?
In an HSG or ultrasound, hydrosalpinx refers to swollen fallopian tubes filled with fluid or infection. This condition can lead to infertility, recurrent miscarriages, or IVF failure.
